Dollars, Cents and Giving Change

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What this lesson covers

  • One dollar is 100 cents.
  • NZ coins are 10c, 20c, 50c, $1 and $2. NZ notes are $5, $10, $20, $50 and $100.
  • An amount can be written as dollars and cents, like $3 and 40 cents.
  • Add to find the total cost. Subtract or count on to find the change.
Key idea

New Zealand coins and notes

  • 100 cents make 1 dollar.
  • Coins are for small amounts. Notes are for bigger amounts.
CoinsNotes
10c$5
20c$10
50c$20
$1$50
$2$100
Key idea

Dollars and cents

  • $2 and 50 cents is two dollars and fifty cents.
  • Count the dollars first, then the cents.
  • 150 cents is the same as $1 and 50 cents.
MoneyAmount
$2 coin, 50c coin$2 and 50 cents
$1, $1, 20c, 20c$2 and 40 cents
$5 note, $2 coin, 10c coin$7 and 10 cents
Worked example

Making amounts

  • There is often more than one way to make an amount.
  • The fewest coins and notes start with the biggest that fits.
AmountFewestAnother way
$7$5 + $2$2 + $2 + $2 + $1
$15$10 + $5$5 + $5 + $5
$35$20 + $10 + $5$10 + $10 + $10 + $5
$160$100 + $50 + $10$50 + $50 + $50 + $10
Key idea

Try it: pay the exact amount

Worked example

Finding the total

  • At the dairy: a pie for $4 and a milk for $2 and 50 cents.
  • Add the dollars: $4 + $2 = $6.
  • Add the cents: 50 cents.
  • Total: $6 and 50 cents.
Worked example

Giving change by counting on

  • A book costs $13. You pay with a $20 note.
  • Count on from $13 to $15: that is $2. Then $15 to $20: that is $5.
  • $2 + $5 = $7 change. Check: $20 − $13 = $7.
  • A drink costs $2 and 60 cents. You pay with a $5 note.
  • Count on 40 cents to $3, then $2 to $5. The change is $2 and 40 cents.
Key idea

Try it: count on to give change

Common mistakes

  • $2 and 5 cents is the same as $2 and 50 cents.
    5 cents and 50 cents are different. 50 cents is ten times as much.
  • $1 is 10 cents.
    $1 is 100 cents.
  • The change from $10 for $6 and 50 cents is $4 and 50 cents.
    Count on: 50 cents to $7, then $3 to $10. The change is $3 and 50 cents.
  • To make $35, use a $30 note.
    There is no $30 note. Use $20 + $10 + $5.

Your turn

1

How many cents make $1?

2

Which coins and notes make $17 with the fewest pieces?

3

A sandwich costs $6 and 50 cents and a juice costs $2. What is the total?

4

You pay for a $14 toy with a $20 note. How much change do you get?

5

An ice cream costs $3 and 20 cents. You pay with a $5 note. How much change do you get?

Show answer

1. 100 2. $10 + $5 + $2 3. $8 and 50 cents 4. $6 5. $1 and 80 cents

Summary

What to take away

  • 100 cents make a dollar.
  • Say dollars first, then cents.
  • Add for the total. Count on for the change.
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More in Number

Numbers to 1,000: Hundreds, Tens and OnesNotesCounting in Groups, Rounding and EstimatingNotesSkip Counting, Odd and Even NumbersNotesAdding and Subtracting up to 1,000NotesMultiplying and Dividing with GroupsNotesUnit Fractions: One Equal PartNotesComparing Fractions and Finding Equal OnesNotesAdding Fractions and Finding Fractions of NumbersNotesDollars, Cents and Giving ChangeNotes

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